Calculate your RMD from a traditional IRA or 401(k) using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table. See your current year RMD, 20-year projection, and estimated tax impact.
Your account
Account balance (Dec 31 prior year) $500,000
$
Your age (as of Dec 31 this year)
Account type
Tax & growth
Federal income tax bracket
Annual portfolio return
6%
Missed RMD penalty: 25% of the shortfall (reducible to 10% if corrected within 2 years). Roth IRAs have no RMD during the owner's lifetime.
Your 2026 RMD
$0
— per month · IRS factor: —
Withdrawal rate
0%
Est. federal tax
$0
After-tax RMD
$0
RMD amount and account balance over 20 years
20-year RMD projection
Year
Age
IRS factor
Account balance
RMD amount
Est. tax (22%)
How RMDs are calculated: Divide your December 31 prior-year account balance by the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table factor for your age. At age 73 the factor is 26.5, meaning you withdraw approximately 3.77% of your balance. The factor decreases each year, so the percentage you must withdraw rises as you age. IRAs can be aggregated — you can take the total from one IRA. 401(k)s must be calculated and withdrawn separately per account.
SECURE 2.0 age rules: RMDs begin at age 73 if you were born between 1951 and 1959. If you were born in 1960 or later, your RMD age rises to 75 (effective 2033). Your first RMD may be delayed until April 1 of the following year — but delaying means two taxable RMDs in one calendar year, which can increase your tax bracket. Roth IRAs have no RMD during the owner's lifetime.
This calculator uses the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (IRS Publication 590-B, Table III) and assumes a single account owner whose spouse is not the sole beneficiary and is not more than 10 years younger. If your spouse is the sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger, use the Joint Life and Last Survivor Table for a lower RMD. This calculator does not account for inherited IRAs, state taxes, or after-tax basis. RMD calculations are for estimation purposes only. Consult a qualified tax professional for your actual RMD. Not tax or financial advice.
How the RMD calculator works
A Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) is the minimum amount the IRS requires you to withdraw annually from tax-deferred retirement accounts — traditional IRAs, SEP-IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, 401(k)s, and most other employer plans. The purpose is to ensure these accounts are eventually taxed; they were contributed pre-tax and have grown tax-deferred, so the IRS requires withdrawals that generate taxable income.
The formula is straightforward: take your account balance as of December 31 of the prior year, divide it by the IRS life expectancy factor from the Uniform Lifetime Table for your age. The result is your minimum required withdrawal for the year. You can always withdraw more than the minimum.
How to use this calculator
Enter your account balance as of December 31 of the prior year — this is the balance that drives the RMD calculation.
Select your age as of December 31 of the current year.
Select your tax bracket to see the estimated federal income tax on your RMD.
The 20-year projection assumes your account grows at the return rate you set, minus annual RMD withdrawals.
For retirement income planning, use the safe withdrawal rate calculator to see how long your portfolio lasts at different withdrawal rates, and the FIRE calculator for pre-retirement planning.